Naming Compunds

Chemical Nomenclature

•IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) is today's most common system for most chemicals.
∟ Ions
∟ Binary Ionic
∟ Polyatomic Ions
∟ Hydrates
∟ Molecular Compounds
∟ Acids / Bases

Chemical Formulas
•Be aware of the differences btwn. ion & compound formulas:
EX: Zn^2+ → Ion charge (Zinc Ion)
BaCl2 → Number of Ions
F^- = Fluoride Ion
N^3- = Nitride Ion
0^2 = Oxide Ion
-Hydrogen (Hydride) = Both metallic & non-metallic

Multivalent Ions

•Some elements can form more than one ion:
EX: Iron → Fe^3+ / Fe^2+
Copper → Cu^2+ / Cu^+
•The top # on the P.T is more common
•IUPAC uses roman numerals in parenthesis to show the charge
•Classical systems uses latin names of elements & suffixes -ic(larger charge) & -ous(smaller charge)
EX: Ferr(ic) Oxide → Fe2O3 (Fe^3+)
Ferr(ous) Oxide → FeO (Fe^2+)

Other Classical Names

•Ferr= Iron •Aunn= Gold
•Cupp= Copper •Plumb= Lead
•Mercur= Mercury •Wolf= Tungsten
•Stann= Tin •Argent= Silver

Hydrates

•Some compounds can form lattices that bond to water molecules.
∟Copper Sulfate ∟Sodium Sulfate
•These crystals contain water inside them which can be released by heating
•To name hydrates
1) Write name of the chemical formula
2) Add a prefix indicating the number of water molecules (mono=1/di=2/tri=3/etc)
3) Add hydrate after the prefix
EX: Cu(SO4)•5H2O(s)
∟Copper(II) Sulphate
∟5 Water
∟pentahydrate

-Paulo Santillan